{"id":21236,"date":"2019-08-09T10:17:52","date_gmt":"2019-08-09T15:17:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/artofmanliness.com\/?p=21236"},"modified":"2023-07-01T15:22:03","modified_gmt":"2023-07-01T20:22:03","slug":"intermittent-fasting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/intermittent-fasting\/","title":{"rendered":"Ready, Set, Fast: How Strategic Meal-Skipping Can Help You Lose Fat, Gain Muscle, and Get Healthier"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-22484 size-full\" title=\"fasting\" src=\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/\/2012\/01\/fasting.jpg\" alt=\"Vintage man with big plate of food in front at table.\" width=\"347\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2012\/01\/fasting.jpg 347w, https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2012\/01\/fasting-320x386.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Editor\u2019s note: This is a guest post by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.precisionnutrition.com\/\">John Berardi, PhD<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>When we were kids, Mom was always looking out for our health. Chew your food. Eat your vegetables. And always eat breakfast because it\u2019s the most important meal of the day.<\/p>\n<p>As busy grown-ups, a good breakfast often falls victim to the time crunch. Who has time to cook and eat a breakfast of champions? It\u2019s so much faster and more convenient to just grab a coffee and a bran muffin.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, deep down we know it\u2019s not right. Not only would Mom disapprove, that pudgy physique in the mirror deserves better, too.<\/p>\n<p>So what\u2019s a guy to do?&nbsp; Get up earlier and make it happen, right?&nbsp; Perhaps not.<\/p>\n<p>Lately, some really fit guys&#8211;men with muscles, visible veins, and abs so sharp you can grate carrots on them&#8211;are doing something a whole lot different. They\u2019re not eating breakfast.&nbsp; Healthy or otherwise. In fact, they\u2019re not eating at all for extended stretches. And they\u2019re getting leaner, more muscular, even healthier.<\/p>\n<p>This practice is called Intermittent Fasting&#8211;IF for short&#8211;and it\u2019s challenging everything nutritionists, dieticians, and your Mom ever told you about healthy eating.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Going Against the Grain<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Typical dietician dogma involves eating small meals spread two to four hours apart, starting with a nutritious breakfast. This, we\u2019re told, stimulates the metabolism, so we burn more calories throughout the day.&nbsp; It\u2019s also supposed to make us less likely to binge on cookies and ice cream at night.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s sound advice that\u2019s been field-tested by thousands of fit, healthy, hard-bodied people.<\/p>\n<p>Proponents of IF, on the other hand, eschew the idea of small, frequent meals. They claim to have achieved quicker fat loss and better health by deliberately skipping breakfast.&nbsp; Some even go entire days without eating.<\/p>\n<p>The experts are skeptical. They call IF extreme, impractical, even harebrained&#8211;and yet no one can dispute their results. Or that the number of IF converts is growing.<\/p>\n<p>I was also a skeptic. I built my reputation on recommending small, healthy, frequent meals, starting with breakfast. And that strategy has definitely worked well for most of my clients.<\/p>\n<p>But the track record of certain Intermittent Fasting protocols, both in scientific publications and in real-world practice, seems pretty impressive too.&nbsp; That\u2019s why I decided to put some of these protocols to the test.&nbsp; I wanted to answer the following questions: \u201cIs IF just another fad diet?&nbsp; Or is it something health and body conscious people should consider?\u201d<\/p>\n<h3><strong>My Fasting Experiments<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>To this end, I spent the last 9 months testing the most popular Intermittent Fasting protocols on myself. In the end, I tried 8 different fasting protocols.<\/p>\n<p>At times I was consuming nothing but calorie-free beverages for a full 24-36 hours.&nbsp; (Mercifully that was only once per week.)&nbsp; Other methods had me fasting for much shorter periods, yet more frequently.<\/p>\n<p>While each method was basically a spin on not eating a thing, the varying effects were fascinating. Some methods made me feel energized, strong, and focused.&nbsp; Others simply left me lethargic, weak, and very, very hungry.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 8 different protocols I tried, there are three main variations:<\/p>\n<p><strong>The trial fast<\/strong>: This is where I recommend you start if you\u2019re interested in this approach.&nbsp; Just try going 24 hours without food. I did my first trial fast on a Sunday. I set it up by having a small meal on Saturday night at 10pm, and then didn\u2019t eat again until another small meal on Sunday night at 10pm. (I did drink green tea and water throughout the day.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>The periodic fast<\/strong>: If you survived the trial fast without breaking down and cleaning out the refrigerator, then you can try this. Simply do the trial fast above once in a while.&nbsp; It could be once per month.&nbsp; It could be once per week.&nbsp; (More frequently than once a week, however, is a mistake.&nbsp; I tried to do it twice a week and it was a disaster. More isn\u2019t better.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>The daily fast<\/strong>: This is a more advanced way of doing things. Here we cut the fast from 24 hours to 16-20 hours (say 8pm to noon to 4pm the following day) but we do it every day. Ideally, most days there\u2019s a workout at the end of the fast, followed by some pretty large meals during the 4-8 hour feeding window.&nbsp; (As complicated as this system sounds, I found myself actually gaining muscle and losing fat at an alarming rate.)<\/p>\n<p>So what\u2019s the conclusion?&nbsp; What did I learn?<\/p>\n<p>Well, for body transformation, Intermittent Fasting works. Over the course of my experiments, I dropped twenty pounds of weight, from 190 pounds to 170 pounds, and I was pretty lean to start with. I also reduced my body fat from 10% to 4% (measured via a well-validated ultrasound protocol) while maintaining most of my lean mass. And I kept it off.&nbsp; In addition, I saw some interesting improvements in my health profile.<\/p>\n<p>You can check out my before and after pics below for some visual evidence:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-21239 size-full\" title=\"BerardiBefore\" src=\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2011\/11\/BerardiBefore.jpg\" alt=\"Man showing muscles in different positions.\" width=\"500\" height=\"219\"\/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-21240 size-full\" title=\"BerardiAfter\" src=\"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2011\/11\/BerardiAfter.jpg\" alt=\"Man showing muscles in different poses.\" width=\"500\" height=\"219\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Beyond vanity, the <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article\/86\/1\/7\/4633143\">reported health effects<\/a> of an intelligently designed Intermittent Fasting program read like a laundry list of live longer, live better benefits including: reduced <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19793855\/\">blood lipids<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15741046\/\">blood pressure<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17291990\/\">markers of inflammation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17291990\/\">oxidative stress<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19135806\/\">cancer<\/a>.&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17616757\/\">Increased cell turnover and repair<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15640462\/\">fat burning<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC329619\/\">growth hormone release<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10837292\/\">metabolic rate<\/a>.&nbsp;And improved <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/3667060\/\">appetite control<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC156352\/\">blood sugar control<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15741046\/\">cardiovascular function<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12558961\/\">neuronal plasticity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Wow is right!&nbsp; At this point, if your wheels are turning, that\u2019s a good thing.&nbsp; But be careful.&nbsp; This article isn\u2019t designed to persuade you to try Intermittent Fasting right away.&nbsp; Rather, it\u2019s designed to simply get you thinking about your own eating plan.&nbsp; And, if it needs improvement, how you can think about starting.<\/p>\n<h3><em>Listen to my interview with John about IF:<\/em>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" height=\"200px\" width=\"100%\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" seamless src=\"https:\/\/player.simplecast.com\/a370f62e-34d4-4380-9cf2-140632f5271c?dark=true\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Fasting Best Practices<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>If you\u2019re a busy guy, work 50 plus hours a week, and spend most of your free time shuttling kids around and working the honey-do list, working out daily and eating 6 meals a day may be challenging.&nbsp; So skipping a few meals and looking like the Men\u2019s Health cover model may sound pretty appealing.<\/p>\n<p>But not so fast. You can\u2019t just skip meals willy-nilly and get awesome results.<\/p>\n<p>Remember, some of these fasts follow very specific protocols.&nbsp; Just eating haphazardly and then not eating is what gets many people overweight in the first place. But if you\u2019re keen on giving IF a try, here are 9 things that you must first consider.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Food choices matter<\/strong>. Just because you\u2019re not eating often doesn\u2019t mean the basic rules of good nutrition don\u2019t apply. Fasting for 20 hours and then spending 4 hours eating pizza, Twinkies, and half your kid\u2019s Halloween loot won\u2019t get you lean. You need to focus on good sources of protein, healthy fats, high quality carbohydrates, and lots of fruits and veggies.&nbsp; (Your mom was right about that one.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Be patient<\/strong>. If you\u2019re a big fan of breakfast, fasting is going to be a major test of willpower&#8211;especially for the first few weeks. In my case, the early stages left me suffering from massive stomach rumblings, hunger cravings, and big-time morning moodiness. I did my best to stave off the breakfast cravings with a few cups of green tea or coffee, but I still felt really bad. Luckily, I told my friends and family what was going on, and they\u2019re a pretty understanding bunch. But here\u2019s the good part. It gets better&#8211;much better&#8211;after 14 days or so. Stick it out. You\u2019re not dying &#8211;you\u2019re just hungry.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Exercise<\/strong> <strong>helps<\/strong>. The best fasting protocols had me hitting the gym as hard as ever, empty stomach be damned. There\u2019s a reason for that &#8211;exercise drives the fat loss bus.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Timing is everything, but not the only thing<\/strong>. I experienced the best results when I fasted for around 16-hours per day, followed by an 8 hour eating window.&nbsp; I usually ended my 16-hour fasts with a workout.&nbsp; Then I ate my largest meal of the day.&nbsp; However, other less stringent protocols also delivered results. Experimentation is the key.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Progress slowly<\/strong>. It\u2019s important to start with the trial fast and allow yourself to get \u201cgood at it\u201d before graduating to more frequent or complicated fasting protocols. Many find going just a few hours without eating unbearable. It takes practice and willpower, so be patient. Dominate the easy steps before moving further up the fasting ladder.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Don\u2019t overdo it.<\/strong> In my case, after achieving great results with a weekly fast, I tried doubling the frequency to twice a week to see if I\u2019d get twice the results. It didn\u2019t happen. More isn\u2019t necessarily better.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. Eat meat.<\/strong> I ate upwards of three pounds of meat a day to get my calorie and protein requirements.&nbsp; Now, I\u2019ve always been an omnivore, but during extended fasts, where meals are so infrequent, eating meat is even more important. Of course, you can still do this if you\u2019re following a vegetarian diet.&nbsp; It\u2019s just more difficult to meet your calorie needs for the day.<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. It\u2019s still a lifestyle<\/strong>. There are no diets, only lifestyles. And any diet that you couldn\u2019t theoretically follow for the rest of your life is doomed to failure. During my first few fasts I was convinced that there was no way I could eat like this for life. But after a few weeks, I was loving it, and it was a breeze.<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. Some shouldn\u2019t do it.<\/strong> I think anyone and everyone should attempt the trial fast. Trust me, you learn a lot about yourself when you go without food for a full day. However, for the more regular or more extreme forms of fasting, I\u2019ve found they\u2019re more successful when:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You have a history of monitoring calorie\/food intake (i.e. you\u2019ve \u201cdieted\u201d before).<\/li>\n<li>You\u2019re an experienced exerciser.<\/li>\n<li>You\u2019re single or you don\u2019t have children.<\/li>\n<li>Your partner (if you have one) is extremely supportive.<\/li>\n<li>Your job allows you to have periods of low performance while you adapt to a new plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Granted, these are just observations. There are folks who have kids, busy careers, and tons of responsibility who love IF. And again, the real rough period usually ends after two weeks or so. However, if it\u2019s not for you, it\u2019s not for you.&nbsp; Again, there are other ways to eat and exercise to develop a lean, strong, healthy body.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Remember the Basics<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>One more thing.&nbsp; It\u2019s important to remember that there\u2019s no magic pill (or magic eating plan), and when all\u2019s said and done, mastering the basics is still your best approach. What are the basics?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Eating good quality food. Fresh, unprocessed, nutrient-dense food is a must, regardless of eating style.&nbsp; So make food awareness a priority and make the best choices you can afford.<\/li>\n<li>Eating slowly. Rushing through meals impairs digestion and confuses satiety centers in the brain.&nbsp; So slow down.&nbsp; It helps control intake and improve your enjoyment of eating.<\/li>\n<li>Eating reasonable portions. When calories are controlled, progress is made.&nbsp; Overeating is still possible with IF, just as it is with every other eating style.&nbsp; So pay attention to food amount.<\/li>\n<li>Eating when you\u2019re hungry, and not eating when you\u2019re not. Learning to tune into your appetite and listen to your true hunger is important.&nbsp; Using mindfulness during meals is a best practice for healthy eating.<\/li>\n<li>Regular exercise. Of course, exercise and healthy eating are two sides of the same coin.&nbsp; They both help promote health and a lean body but in different ways.&nbsp; So use both.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Interestingly, these things are enough for most people to get in the best shape of their lives. No Intermittent Fasting required.&nbsp; I know that because I\u2019ve been in this business for 20 years and have helped a lot of clients achieve success in fat loss and improving health.&nbsp; Very few of them did any more than the trial fast, but all of them are taught those essentials.&nbsp; So, if you\u2019re a beginner, please start with these.<\/p>\n<p>However, if you\u2019re a little further down the fitness path, I will say this. For a very specific demographic&#8211;people with fitness and exercise experience who also consider breakfast 15 minutes they\u2019ll never get back&#8211;IF could be a very effective approach. Maybe even the best approach.<\/p>\n<p>Just don\u2019t tell Mom, okay?<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________<\/p>\n<p><em>If you\u2019re intrigued by Intermittent Fasting and want to learn more, Dr. Berardi has published an absolutely free e-book on the subject called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.precisionnutrition.com\/intermittent-fasting\">Experiments with Intermittent Fasting<\/a>.&nbsp; In the book, he gets into all the different fasting approaches he tried, including details of his exercise programs and his exact eating plans, as well as which ones could work best for you.&nbsp; There\u2019s also a great section on nutrition best practices and self-experimentation.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3>Related Resources<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/health-fitness\/health\/podcast-intermittent-fasting\/\">Podcast #328: The Pros and Cons of Intermittent Fasting<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/articles\/spiritual-discipline-of-fasting\/\">Podcast #488: Fasting as a Spiritual Discipline<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"novella-entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/articles\/spiritual-disciplines-fasting\/\">The Spiritual Disciplines: Fasting<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/articles\/how-to-stay-fit-and-maintain-your-gains-while-still-enjoying-your-vacation\/\">How to Stay Fit on Vacation (While Still Enjoying Yourself)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.artofmanliness.com\/articles\/eat-man-food-and-lose-weight-a-primer-on-flexible-dieting\/\">Eat Man Food and Lose Weight: A Primer On Flexible Dieting<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Editor\u2019s note: This is a guest post by John Berardi, PhD. When we were kids, Mom was always looking out for our health. Chew your food. Eat your vegetables. And always eat breakfast because it\u2019s the most important meal of the day. As busy grown-ups, a good breakfast often falls victim to the time crunch. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":22484,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,42265,7],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-21236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-health","category-health-fitness"],"featured_image_urls":{"large":"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2012\/01\/fasting-347x280.jpg","aom":"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2012\/01\/fasting-347x230.jpg","reactor-320":"https:\/\/content.artofmanliness.com\/uploads\/2012\/01\/fasting-320x386.jpg"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21236","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21236"}],"version-history":[{"count":38,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21236\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":105866,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21236\/revisions\/105866"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21236"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21236"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21236"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beta.artofmanliness.com\/app-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=21236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}